Uterine rupture: risk factors and prognosis

Uterine rupture is a non-surgical breach of the continuity of the myometrial wall of the uterus.Objective: identify risk factors and evaluate the prognosis of uterine rupture.This was a descriptive and analytical study with retrospective data collection over a four-year period from January 1st, 2015 to December 31st, 2018.We recruited all cases of uterine rupture that met our criteria and matched them to the following case.The frequency of uterine rupture was 0.77%.  The aged group from 25-34 were most represented with 69.5%. The average age was 27.1 ± 2.3 years with extremes of 15 and 47 years. The majority of patients (69%) were multiparous and one hundred and forty-five patients (72.5%) were referred.One hundred and sixty-six patients (83%) had an unscarred uterus.Inadequate use of oxytocin was inriminated in 104 cases (52%) with uterine rupture (p=0.02). Fetopelvic disproportion was found in 32% (p=0.002).The uterine rupture was complete in 76.5% of case. Suturing of uterus tear was done in 85.5%. Twenty-nine patients (14.5%) had a hysterectomy. Blood transfusion was performed in 78%. Anemia was the most common complication with 67.5% .Nineteen maternal deaths (9.5%) were recorded. One hundred and seventy-two fetuses (86%) were stillborn.Conclusion: This study shows that the main risk factors are a history of cesarean section, multiparity, and young age.