Phytochemical and antimicrobial activity of ethnomedicinal leaf extract of selected plants in Nigeria

The aim of this research work centered on the antimicrobial and phytochemical analysis of some selected ethnomedicinal leave extract. The phytochemical constituents of methanolic extract of leaf of Ocimum gratissimum, Azadirachta indica, Cymbopogon citratus and Annona muricata were screened and antimicrobial assay determined using agar well diffusion method. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) against selected food borne pathogen were determined. Analysis of data was carried out using Anova P³0.05. The results show that 200 g of Annona muricata yielded 38.98 g with 19.50% being the highest yield while the least was 16.47 g yield of Cymbopogon citratus with 8.24%. Annona muricata and Ocimum gratissimum yielded highest phytochemical constituents (189996.10±0.03 and 18072.43±0.02 mg/kg of Tannin respectively). All the leaf extract inhibited Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Proteus mirabilis, Klebsiella pneumonia and Esherichial coli to a varying degree. The MIC of the methanolic leaf extract of the ethnomedicinal plant ranges from 6.25 to 25.00 mg/mL and the MBC ranges from 18.75 to 100.00 mg/m.