The interaction effect of abamectin and tramadol on brain neurotransmitters in rats

A single -oral dose of abamectin (10 mg/Kg body weight; LD50) and tramadol dose of 40 mg kg-1  was  given orally by gavage to the rats and the brain samples were examined biologically and histopathologically at various times (0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 3.5 and 24 h) after dosing. Results revealed that oxidative stress was noticed, since it provokes a significant in brain due to insecticides administration. A significant reduction in, acetylcholinesterase (AchE), Nor-epinephrine (NE), serotonin (5-HT), epinephrine (E) and dopamine (DA) in treated group as compared to control group (P< 0.05). We found that there were neurotoxic effects of pesticides such as abamectin on brain activities, neurotransmitters and alterations in brain tissue. Tramadol, abamectin alone or in combination produced a significant increase in AchE of the brain of treated rats. In normal brain, the activity of acetylcholine esterase, is necessary for the healthy function of the brain, and changes in AchE activity are accompanied by clear signs of neurotoxicity. The central cholinergic neurotransmission in the brain is a crucial factor in cognitive functions including memory and learning